Academic Articles
Goldstein ND, Yerkes P. Are Direct Primary Care Practices Located in Health Professional Shortage Areas? Ann Fam Med. 2024 Nov-Dec;22(6):522-524. doi: 10.1370/afm.3168. PMID: 39586711.
Tecco H, Rahim FO, Lalwani P, Palakodeti S. Direct Primary Care: Financial Analysis and Potential to Reshape the U.S. Healthcare Landscape. J Gen Intern Med. 2024 Sep 25. doi: 10.1007/s11606-024-09038-5. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39320585.
Liaw W, King B, Olaisen H, Pastoor S, Kiaghadi A, Cloven N, Reed B, Matuk-Villazon O, Waldren S, Spann S. How An Academic Direct Primary Care Clinic Served Patients from Vulnerable Communities. J Am Board Fam Med. 2024 May-Jun;37(3):455-465. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230346R1. PMID: 39142864.
Tou LC, Jeyakumar SJ, Siddiqui TA, Ravi S, Prakash N. Understanding Patient Perceptions Towards Direct Primary Care: A Focus Group Study. J Patient Exp. 2022 Aug 1;9:23743735221117359. doi: 10.1177/23743735221117359. PMID: 35936512; PMCID: PMC9350501.
Mechley AR. Direct Primary Care: A Successful Financial Model for the Clinical Practice of Lifestyle Medicine. Am J Lifestyle Med. 2021 Apr 15;15(5):557-562. doi: 10.1177/15598276211006624. PMID: 34646107; PMCID: PMC8504342.
High-Touch Care Leads to Better Outcomes and Lower Costs in a Senior Population, Ghany, R; Tamariz, L; Chen, G; Dawkins, E; Ghany, A; Forbes, E; Tajiri, T; Palacio, A. Am J Manag Care. 2018 Sept 1; Published online 2018 Aug 28
Carlasare LE. Defining the Place of Direct Primary Care in a Value-Based Care System. WMJ. 2018 Aug;117(3):106-110. PMID: 30193018.
Direct Primary Care: Applying Theory to Potential Changes in Delivery and Outcomes, Cole E., J Am Board Fam Med July-August 2018; 31:605-611
Direct Primary Care in 2015: A Survey with Selected Comparisons to 2005 Survey Data, Rowe K, Rowe W, Umbehr J, Dong F, and Ablah E, Kans J Med. 2017 Feb; 10(1): 3–6.
Direct Primary Care Business of Insurance and State Law Considerations, Eskew P, Journal of Legal Medicine Vol. 37 , Iss. 1-2,2017.
(For those without journal access here is an Author's Original Manuscript version of the article above)
Direct Primary Care Practice Distribution and Cost Across the Nation, Eskew P, Klink K. J Am Board Fam Med, 2015;28(6):793-801.
(Available open-access online via the Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine)
Direct Primary Care Membership Medicine, Eskew P, W V Med J. 2014 Mar - Apr;110(2):8-11. PMID: 24902461
(Unfortunately an older journal listing via the West Virginia Medical Journal website is now password protected - the link above should still go directly to the article)
Practice Profiles
Modeling the Personas of Primary Care Communication Modality Usage: Experiences From the R-Health Direct Primary Care Model, Si Sun, Pei-Yun Sabrina HsueH, Sasha Ballen, Marion Ball, Stud Health Technol Inform . 2019 Aug 21;264:818-823.
Direct Primary Care Practice Model Drops Insurance and Gains Providers and Consumers, Carlson RP, Physician Leadersh J. 2015 Mar-Apr;2(2):20-4, 26. PMID: 26211206 (Available here open access, but original location requires membership to view).
Practice Transformation: Taking the Direct Primary Care Route, Twiddy D, Fam Pract Manag. 2014 May-Jun;21(3):10-5. PMID: 25077865. (Available online with AAFP membership - not yet open access).
Direct Primary Care: Kicking Insurance Out of the Exam Room, Noah SL, J La State Med Soc. 2014 Mar-Apr;166(2):73. PMID: 25075600. (Available open-access via the Louisiana State Medical Association website)
Practice Profile. A Direct Primary Care Medical Home: The Qliance Experience. Wu WN, Bliss G, Bliss EB, Green LA. Health Aff. 2010 May;29(5):959-62. PMID: 20439888 (Available open-access via the Health Affairs website).
Breaking Even on 4 Visits Per Day, Forrest BR, Fam Pract Manag. 2007 Jun;14(6):19-24. PMID: 17598630. (Available open-access via the Family Practice Management website)
Access Healthcare: A Model to Provide Improved Access to High-Quality and Affordable Healthcare, Forrest BR, N C Med J. 2005 May-Jun;66(3):208-11. PMID: 16130944. (Apparently archived materials are no longer available beyond the table of contents via the North Carolina Medical Journal website)
The Ideal Medical Practice Model: Improving Efficiency, Quality and the Doctor-Patient Relationship, Moore, LG, Wasson, JH, Fam Pract Manag. 2007 Sep;14(8):20-24. PMID: 17912818 (Available open-access via the Family Practice Management website)
Legislative Summaries
Protecting the Private Practice of Medicine: Direct Primary Care - Louisiana Poised to Lead. Noah SL, J La State Med Soc. 2014 Sep-Oct;166(5):217-8. PMID: 25369225 (Available open-access via the Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Association)
Direct Primary Care Plans: PPACA's Version of "Concierge Medicine." Cornwell D, Leatherwood SM, J Med Assoc Ga. 2014;103(2):32. PMID: 25185353 (No direct link, not open access, found in the Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia)
Editorials / Older "Retainer" (not always pure DPC) studies
Transitioning to Direct Primary Care, Kauffman, R, Fam Pract Manag. 2020 Jul-Aug;27(4):29-34.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Direct Primary Care, Breen, J, JAMA . 2019 Jan 15;321(2):207.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Direct Primary Care, Blume, G, JAMA . 2019 Jan 15;321(2):207-208.
Is Direct Primary Care a Game Changer? Rubin, R, JAMA, 2018 May 22;319(20):2064-2066.
In Defense of Direct Primary Care, Eskew, P, Fam Pract Manag. 2016 Sep-Oct;23(5):12-14.
Is Direct Primary Care the Solution to Our Health Care Crisis? Weisbart, E, Fam Pract Manag. 2016 Sep-Oct;23(5):10-11.
Why this West Virginia Trained Physician Moved to Wyoming, Eskew, P. WV Med J, 2015 Nov - Dec;111(6):8-9.
(Available open-access online via the West Virginia Medical Journal website)
Which State Best Suits Your Medical Practice – an Analysis and Reference Guide, Eskew P, J Am Phys Surg, 2014;19:115-121.
Reviewed by Martin Merritt of Physicians Practice, and by Greg Kelly of Physician's Money Digest
Direct Primary Care: A Descriptive Evaluation of a New Care Delivery Model, Bunker, T, OHSU Digital Commons Scholar Archive, 871, 2012.
Retainer Medicine: An Ethically Legitimate Form of Practice That Can Improve Primary Care, Huddle TS, Centor RM, Ann Intern Med. 2011 Nov 1;155(9):633-5. PMID: 22041952.
Retainer Medicine: Why Not for All? Lo B, Ann Intern Med. 2011 Nov 1;155(9):641-2, PMID: 22041955.
Uninsured Patient Opinions about a Reduced-Fee Retainer Program at Academic Health Center Clinics, John W. Saultz, MD, John Heineman, BA, Rachel Seltzer, MA, Arwen Bunce, MA, LeNeva Spires, BA and Jennifer DeVoe, MD, DPhil, J Am Board Fam Med May-June 2011 vol. 24 no. 3 304-312, PMID: 21551403.
Academic Retainer Medicine: An Innovative Business Model for Cross-Subsidizing Primary Care, Lucier DJ1, Frisch NB, Cohen BJ, Wagner M, Salem D, Fairchild DG, Acad Med. 2010 Jun;85(6):959-64, PMID: 20505394.